Maple Syrup Research Paper
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Fossil record[ edit ] The oldest known fossil definitive Papre of genus Acer was described from a single leaf found in Alaska from the Lower Paleocene. Samaras have been found in rocks as old as Others are shrubs less than 10 meters tall with a number of small trunks originating at ground level.
Most species are deciduousand many are renowned for their autumn leaf colourbut a few in southern Asia and the Mediterranean region are evergreen. Most are shade-tolerant when young and are often riparian, understory, or pioneer species rather than climax overstory trees. There are a few exceptions such as sugar maple. Many of the root systems are typically dense and fibrous, inhibiting the growth of other vegetation underneath them.
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A few species, notably Acer cappadocicumfrequently produce root sproutswhich can develop into clonal colonies. The leaves in most species are palmate veined and lobed, with 3 to 9 Maple Syrup Research Paper to 13 veins each leading to a lobe, one of which is central or apical. A small number of species differ in having palmate compound, pinnate compound, pinnate veined or unlobed here. Several species, including Acer griseum paperbark mapleAcer mandshuricum Manchurian mapleAcer maximowiczianum Nikko maple and Acer triflorum three-flowered maplehave trifoliate leaves.
One species, Acer negundo box-elder or Manitoba maplehas pinnately compound http://pinsoftek.com/wp-content/custom/life-in-hell/social-and-political-factors-in-the-cold-war.php that may be simply trifoliate or may have five, seven, or rarely nine leaflets.
A few, such as Acer laevigatum Nepal maple and Acer carpinifolium hornbeam maplehave pinnately veined simple leaves. Acer rubrum red maple flowers Maple species, such as Maple Syrup Research Paper rubrummay be monoeciousdioecious or polygamodioecious. The flowers are regular, pentamerousand borne in racemescorymbsor umbels.
They have four Maple Syrup Research Paper five sepalsfour or five petals about 1 — 6 mm long absent in some speciesfour to ten stamens about 6 — 10 mm long, and two pistils or a pistil with two styles. The ovary is superior and has two carpelswhose wings elongate the flowers, making it easy to tell which flowers are female. Maples flower in late winter or early springin most species with or just after the appearance of the leaves, but in some before the trees leaf out.
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Though individually small, the effect of an entire tree in flower can be striking in several species. Some maples are an early spring source of pollen and nectar for bees. The distinctive fruits are called samaras"maple keys", "helicopters", "whirlybirds" or "polynoses". These seeds occur in distinctive pairs each containing one seed Sygup in a "nutlet" attached to a flattened wing of fibrous, papery tissue. They are shaped to Maple Syrup Research Paper as they fall and to carry the seeds a considerable distance on the wind.]
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