Essay On Radicalization In Unwind - opinion you
I wanted to tidy them up, so I kept writing and searching and writing some more. I also had a bunch of old blurbs left over -- some going back a couple years -- that I wanted to get rid of, so in short order I wound up with enough for another Book Roundup. In putting this together, I found a bunch of books that I should have listed under my previous Josh Rogin China-US rivalry and Ned and Constance Sublette slavery entries, so added them as PS lists to the previous column link above. The new China list is even longer than my original, and somewhat more varied, but doesn't generally go very far back into Chinese history. Saving that for a future entry. Only book here I've even started to read is Russell Cobb's on Oklahoma. Seems like I'm falling ever farther behind, but at least this exercise moves some unknown-unknowns into known-unknowns. Answer seems to be not much, but note: Barone appears to be solidly ensconced on the right end of the political spectrum. Washington was the exception, in that he twice walked away from power that was his for the taking. On how corporations and right-wing lobbyists fund protests to make it look like their special interests are clamored for by "grassroots" movements. Essay On Radicalization In Unwind
Vass Bednar Executive Director, Master of Public Policy in the Digital Society Program at McMaster University Vass Bednar is click to see more interdisciplinary wonk focussed on ensuring that we have the regulatory structures we need to embrace the future of work and new ways of living.
Digital platforms such as Facebook, Amazon and Google increasingly midiate core functions of our society, economy and our politics. Platform companies increasingly define and govern our public values, speech, social interactions, our digital economy, as well as filter access to the internet and essential services more broadly. As global technology infrastructure, they often do so outside of the bounds of national laws, regulations and norms. As such, understanding how they function and how they can be governed has become a core policy challenge of the 21st century. The Centre for Media, Technology and Democracy seeks to understand and help develop public policy governing digital platforms. Abstract This paper reviews the current state of competition policy in Canada. It begins by contextualizing the purpose and goal s Essay On Radicalization In Unwind competition policy against recent antitrust events in response to the power of large, dominant tech firms like Facebook, Google, Apple and Amazon.
It then surveys a brief history of antitrust actions and subsequently considers the different schools of thought within competition policy discourse that have come to characterize competition policy before focusing on the features that distinguish competition policy approaches in Canada from those in the US or EU. More competitive markets lead to lower prices Essay On Radicalization In Unwind consumers, more entry and new investment, enhanced product variety and quality, and more innovation.
Analysis of UNHCR's Response to Somalis Refugee Expansion in Kenya
At its best, competition keeps companies honest, narrows costs, expands the job base, sows innovation, distributes the fruits of productivity widely, and gives every member of society a chance to use their talents to earn a living. Competition protects economies, affords possibility, and allows democracy to flourish, as no one firm becomes big enough to control the corridors of power. Introduction In Canada, the Competition Bureau is an independent law enforcement agency headed by the Commissioner of Competition, which is responsible for fostering a competitive and innovative Canadian Esday.
When Radicapization country or other jurisdiction has adequate laws, policies and funding for enforcement, Competition agencies like the bureau can ensure that there is a healthy amount of competition among businesses that promotes consumer choice. The unique characteristics of the relatively novel digital commerce sector Global Inequality Theories the digital economy more broadly make it substantially easier for firms to achieve dominance and maintain that dominance.
The Competition Act was enacted inbut the understandings of competition Essay On Radicalization In Unwind the economy were based on theories and realities going as far back as the late s. The Unwiind of our current Competition Act could never have conceived of the challenges of protecting competition in the digital era, particularly the role of data in creating and reinforcing dominance.
In both Canada and abroad, there are heightened concerns regarding the growing dominance and outsize influence of large digital companies on our lives and democracies. Lawmakers in the US and competition authorities in both the US and EU are seeking to prove that technology companies like Amazon, Facebook and Google monopolize digital markets and abuse their power Appendix B. Thus, these issues are unlikely to be resolved through antitrust efforts as they are more related to the business models Essay On Radicalization In Unwind digital firms and are amplified by their size, not caused by it. The FTC filed an abuse of dominance case with the aim of having Facebook divest itself of Instagram and WhatsApp, which Facebook acquired in andrespectively.
Canadian and US authorities have never undertaken public investigations into these matters. Apple Canadian, American and European authorities all brought cases against Apple for its agreement with book publishers to fix the price of ebooks. Canada began investigating Apple, but closed the investigation in During this period, authorities in the US and the EU have launched nearly double and triple that amount, respectively.
The European Commission has also been proactive against Google. In andit fined the here 2.
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Canadian and US authorities did not follow suit. Further, the Competition Bureau has typically been a passive bystander or a second mover to these historic suits, though it has recently taken some initiative in the area. Many of the competition issues related to data and the digital economy in the US and EU are mirrored in the Essay On Radicalization In Unwind context, but have been under-studied by scholars and officials alike. These new issues — the ability to scale faster and achieve dominance, the use of data to manipulate price and potentially mimic products and undercut competitors, the outsized role of these firms as market gatekeepers, the ability to control our attention and influence our behaviour and new manifestations of monopsony monopoly power held by purchasers rather than sellers in labour markets — challenge existing legislation and warrant modernization.
The US and EU have distinct regulatory environments with a different standard of proof when it comes to establishing anti-competitive harm. They also have substantially more resources.
These two realities empower both bodies to be bold in a digital competition context in ways that Canadian authorities can not be. That said, competition policy is hardly anticipatory; it is inherently reactionary and evaluates mergers and markets after firms have grown or acted in a particular manner.
I. Introduction
The risks of extreme dominance by digital firms and the obvious harms on the horizon that their growing power can bring make it necessary for Canada to improve its competition policy environment now because it is likely that Canadians will have to take action in the future, given the ubiquity of large technology firms in our everyday lives.
But Canada is not alone in this inability to modernize competition law for the digital era. Competition authorities around the world have not yet fully understood the global role of data and technology in the context of competition.
This has led competition authorities to overlook business behaviour that undermines competition. At the same time, public conversations about competition policy and associated antitrust activities can seem boring at best or inaccessible at worst to the average citizen.]
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