Linus Pauling Essays Video
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New algorithm maps gene expression patterns into specific locations Martha Chase and Alfred Hershey later provided more confirmatory evidence in when studying bacteriophages, in which they labeled either the virus protein coat with radioactive sulfur or the virus nucleic acids with radioactive phosphorus. After infecting cells and subsequently removing the phage particles, only the radioactive phosphorus could be detected, thus it was the nucleic acids and not the proteins that were the vehicle of genetic material that the virus injected into cells. The structure of DNA Erwin Chargaff, an Austrian biochemist, reached two major conclusions in nucleotide composition of DNA varies among species, and that despite this, nucleic acids always maintain certain properties. British scientists Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins worked extensively on producing X-ray crystallography images of DNA in the early s, shortly before and during the construction of the double helix model more famously proposed by Watson and Crick. Linus Pauling contributed hugely to the ability to calculate intermolecular distances and bond angles during his career, highly relevant to uncovering the structure of biomolecules, and in the late s, he correctly proposed the way in which amino acids fit together to construct three-dimensional proteins, alpha-helical structures in particular. Pauling also proposed a structure for DNA in , also correctly attributing a helical structure which he defended on the terms that while a single strand of DNA would not be able to wind tightly enough, a three-stranded structure could. The internally-facing nucleotides of the two-strand model developed by Watson and Crick eventually proved correct, supported largely by the crystallographic images provided by Franklin and Wilkins. Based on records and personal memoirs it would appear that when Rosalind Franklin was recruited she was promised a position as the head of the X-ray crystallography department at Kings College, London, while the reserved Maurice Wilkins, already employed there, was under the impression that she would serve in an assisting capacity. The pair, reportedly, did not collaborate well together, resulting in the physical model produced by Watson and Crick being far more widely acclaimed and lauded. Minor changes to the model have been made since the early s, though the major features remain undisputed: DNA is a double-stranded helix, with each strand connected by hydrogen bonds. Linus Pauling EssaysThis describes us perfectly.
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