The Treadmill Production Theory
However, this method also has some limitations, among which is the possible impact that several variables such as sex, body condition i.
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In the present study, we investigate the extent to which body condition can affect the use of heart rate as an indicator of the rate of oxygen consumption. Twenty-two breeding king penguins Aptenodytes patagonicus were exercised on a variable-speed treadmill. These birds were allocated to four groups according to their sex and whether or not they had been fasting.
Linear regression equations were used to describe the relationship between heart rate and the rate of oxygen consumption for each group. There were significant differences between the regression equations for the four groups.
Good relationships were obtained between resting and active oxygen pulses and an index of the body condition of the birds. We conclude that heart rate can be used to estimate rate of oxygen consumption in free-ranging king penguins even over a small time scale 30min.
However, i the type of activity of the bird must be Priduction and ii the body condition of the bird must be accurately determined.
Keywords: heart rateoxygen consumptionpenguinAptenodytes patagonicusexercisemetabolic rateforagingfastingbody condition. Introduction The balance between the energetic cost and the profitability, in terms of energy gained, of a given Producttion is one of the factors that influences Proudction behaviour of animals, especially while foraging Boyd, Information about The Treadmill Production Theory energy expenditure of free-ranging animals therefore holds the key to understanding major aspects of their behaviour in the The Treadmill Production Theory environment. In early studies, it proved very difficult to measure the energy expenditure associated with different behaviours in the field.
Doubly labelled water DLW is still widely used to measure field metabolic rate Speakman, The main limitation of the DLW method is that it is used to calculate the continue reading metabolic rate between the time of the first blood sample after the injection of DLW and the time of the second blood sample at the end of the experimental period. Without a detailed time budget, it is therefore not possible to determine the costs associated with specific activities.
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Also, the duration of the experimental period is limited by the biological half-life of 18O. This technique has already been successfully used to monitor continuously the rate of energy expenditure in several species Bevan et al. The advantages of this technique include a monitoring period that can be substantial new data-logging techniques have been developed that enable heart rate to be monitored over many months Woakes et al.]
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