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The English noun state in the generic sense "condition, circumstances" predates the political sense. It is introduced to Middle English c.
With the revival of the Roman law in 14th-century Europe, the term came to refer to the legal standing of persons such Socializqtion the various " estates of the realm " — noble, common, and clericaland in particular the special status of the king. The highest estates, generally those with the most wealth and social rank, were those that held power. The word also read article associations with Roman ideas dating back to Cicero about the "status rei publicae ", the "condition of public matters".
In time, the word lost its reference to particular social Political Socialization Definition and became associated with the legal order of the entire society and the apparatus of its enforcement. The North American colonies were called "states" as early as the s.
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Means-related definitions include those by Max Weber and Charles Tilly, both of whom define the state according to its violent means. For Weber, the state "is a human community that successfully claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory" Politics as a Political Socialization Definitionwhile Tilly characterizes them as "coercion-wielding organisations" Politial, Capital, and European States.
Ends-related definitions emphasis instead the teleological aims and purposes of the state. Marxist thought regards the ends of the state as being the perpetuation of class domination in favour of the ruling class which, under the capitalist mode of production, is the bourgeoisie.
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The state exists to defend the ruling class's claims to private property Scialization its capturing of surplus profits at the expense of the proletariat. Indeed, Marx claimed that "the executive of the modern state is nothing but a committee for managing the common affairs of the whole bourgeoisie" Communist Manifesto. Liberal thought provides another possible teleology of the state. On this account, the state provides the basis for social cohesion Political Socialization Definition productivity, creating incentives for wealth creation by providing guarantees of protection for one's life, liberty and personal property.
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Provision of public goods is considered by some such as Adam Smith [12] as a central function of the state, since these goods would otherwise be underprovided. The most commonly used definition is Max Weber 's, Political Socialization Definition [14] [15] [16] [17] which describes the state as a compulsory political organization with a centralized government that maintains a monopoly of the legitimate use of force within a certain territory. It provides that "[t]he state as a person of international law should possess the following qualifications: a a permanent population; b a defined territory; c government; and d capacity to enter into relations with the other states.]
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