What Were The Progressives Achieve Their Goals Video
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These results suggest that EY positively regulates dac expression. Dachshund and eyes absent proteins form a complex and function synergistically to induce ectopic eye development in Drosophila The eyeless, dachshund, and eyes absent genes encode conserved, nuclear proteins that are essential for eye development in Drosophila. Misexpression of eyeless or dachshund is also sufficient to induce the formation of ectopic compound eyes. Like ey and dac, targeted expression of eya alone is sufficient to induce ectopic eye formation. However, in contrast to ey, the penetrance of the ectopic eye phenotype induced by either dac or eya alone is incomplete and, when induced, such eyes are small. On the head, the cuticle between the normal eye field and antennae is transformed into retinal cells such that the normal retinal field is expanded. Large patches of pigment are induced on the dorsal surface of the femur and tibia of all legs, which are severely truncated. In no case has ectopic Glass staining been observed in leg discs with either dac or eya alone. In each case, the sites of ectopic glass expression in discs correspond to the positions of ectopic retinal development observed in adults.
You are on page 1of Search inside document This Foreword contains primarily a bit of the history of how the ideas which form the core of this book arose.
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This chronological form is the best way to Holocaust Analysis properly the assistance received from others—assistance which was considerable and crucial—and at the same time to explain how this book relates to the purposes which originally motivated it. In the late fall of the writer was asked by Bernard Berelson, the Director of the Behavioral Sciences Division of the Ford Foundation, whether he would be interested in undertaking a "prepositional inventory" of the substantive area of "communication and social influence.
It ranges all the way from studies on the effects of the mass media to studies on interpersonal communication. If a set of conceptual propositions could be adduced that tied together many of the known facts in the area, and from which additional derivations could be made, this would be of obvious value. The notion of attempting such a theoretical integration is always intellectually attractive and challenging, although it seemed clear to everyone concerned at the time that even if successfully What Were The Progressives Achieve Their Goals, it could not hope to cover the whole of the designated area.
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A plan that seemed to promise some useful results was to start out with some narrowly defined problem within the general area of "communication and social influence" and attempt to formulate a specific set of hypotheses or propositions that would adequately account for the data. If this worked out, then another narrowly defined problem could be considered, and the theory extended and modified. Admittedly, one would be confronted again and again with bodies of data with which no progress Wers be made theoretically. It was to be hoped that one would quickly recognize the dead end and move on to other data.
Together we began the job by selecting the spreading of rumors as our first narrowly defined problem to work on. The chores of collecting an exhaustive bibliography of research literature on rumor spreading, of reading the material, and of sifting fact from supposition and conjecture were comparatively easy. More difficult were the problems of integrating the material and of getting some theoretical hunches that would begin to handle the data in a satisfactory way.
It was easy enough to restate empirical findings in a slightly more general form, but this kind of intellectual exercise does not lead to much progress. The first hunch that generated any amount of enthusiasm among us came from trying to understand some data, reported by Prasad, concerning rumors subsequent to the Indian earthquake of This study is described in Tye in Chapter Ten.
The fact reported by Prasad which puzzled us was that following the earthquake, the vast majority of the rumors that were widely circulated predicted even worse disasters to come in the very near future.
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Certainly the belief that horrible disasters were about to occur is not a very pleasant belief, and we http://pinsoftek.com/wp-content/custom/summer-plan-essay/a-man-who-was-almost-a-gun-analysis.php ask why rumors that were "anxiety provoking" arose and were so widely accepted. Finally a possible answer to this question occurred to us— an answer that held promise of having rather general application: perhaps these rumors predicting even worse disasters to come were not "anxiety provoking" at all but were rather "anxiety justifying. Perhaps these rumors provided people with information that fit with the way they already felt.
From this start, and with the help of many discussions in which we attempted to pin the idea Achievee and to formalize it somewhat, we arrived at the concept of dissonance and the hypotheses concerning dissonance reduction. Once the formulation in terms of dissonance and the reduction of dissonance was made, numerous implications became obvious. Following these implications through soon became the major activity of the project. For a while we continued to pursue the original notion of the "propositional inventory" and to explore the implications of the notion of dissonance; but the extraordinary difficulty of the former, together with our excitement concerning the latter, served more and more to focus our efforts.]
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