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Athens Vs Sparta

Roughly very It is fitting that the period is defined by the deaths of great men, for it was a bloody time — marked by two extended wars, the decline of influential city-states, the rise of Macedonian hegemony. But those years also saw Greece lay the foundations for Western civilization: the beginnings of empiricism, artistic aesthetics, political structures, literary forms and most of what constitutes culture.

The Rivalry Between Athens And Sparta

So it was an age of contrasts, and an iconic period and place in world history. The Greeks coined the term polis which has been misused ever since to denote their city-states; traditionally the term was used for the classic Athenian-style political unit — a http://pinsoftek.com/wp-content/custom/life-in-hell/memory-and-memory-essay.php city dominating much smaller nearby towns and Andd.

But the term can also describe a grouping of allied smaller towns with no all-powerful central city, closer to the organization of Sparta. And that difference explains a lot about the history of classical Greece. There were four city-states more influential than the many others — Corinth, Thebes, Athens and Sparta. Each polis was a sovereign political entity, answerable only to its own citizens.

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Although the citizens of the city-states shared a common language, history and culture The Rivalry Between Athens And Sparta, of coursethat did not stop them from bickering among themselves constantly and going to war with one-another as the mood took them. The Greeks might band together to face a common enemy, but such alliances were quickly abandoned when the immediate crisis was over and they could get back to slaughtering each other.

It all starts with the death of Peisistratus, the tyrant of Athens, in BC. Having had enough of tyrants note, the term did not have the modern pejorative sensethe Athenian nobles requested help from Sparta in overthrowing his son Hippias. The Spartan king Cleomenes tried to install a Spartan-style oligarchy to rule, but was trumped by the Athenian Cleisthenes who instituted a series of reforms that established an isonomic democracy where all citizens save women and slaves, of course have the same rights under law. The Spartans attacked Athens, seeking to restore their puppets, but the newly liberated citizens defended their city with great tenacity, and the frustrated Spartans were forced to withdraw. Thus began a rivalry between the two that would last for centuries.

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The rivalry was quickly put on hold when a greater threat manifested itself … the Persians. The allies were soundly defeated at the Battle of Lade in ; then, in retaliation, the Persians marched through Macedonia and Thrace, pillaging everything, and sent a fleet through the Aegean, sinking everything.

In Darius the Great landed a Persian host somewhere Tne 20, tosoldiers in Attica intending to take Athens. They were met by a pitiful force of Athenians and Plataeans, who nevertheless stunned the Persians at Marathon.]

The Rivalry Between Athens And Sparta

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