Disadvantages Of The Musculoskeletal System Video
Disadvantages Of The Musculoskeletal System - seems
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Disadvantages Of The Musculoskeletal System.
It consists of cardiac muscle cells and conducting fibers not nervous tissue that are specialized for initiating impulses and conducting them rapidly through the heart. Conductivity Conductivity is the ability of a cardiac muscle to transmit the cardiac impulses that originated in SAN to all parts of the heart. Conduction pathway Because cells are electrically coupled via gap junctionsexcitation to the threshold of one cell http://pinsoftek.com/wp-content/custom/summer-plan-essay/importance-of-greenhouse.php results in the spread of this action potential throughout the Musculpskeletal.
In the normal heartthe SA node is the pacemaker because it has the highest intrinsic rhythm. Below is the normal conduction pathway for the heart. HR is normally controlled by the electrical activity of the SA nodal cells, the rest of the conduction system ensures that all the rest of Disadvantages Of The Musculoskeletal System heart activated along in proper sequences for efficient pumping action, All Diadvantages tissue conducts the electrical impulses, but the following are particularly specialized for this function. Conduction system of the heart steps AV node: These cells click here specialized for slow conduction, they have small diameter fibers, a low density of gap junctionsand the rate of depolarization is slow in comparison to tissue that conducts fast.
2 DIFFERENT STEM CELLS IN MUSCULOSKELETAL REGENERATION
The significance of this slow conduction is to allow complete filling of the ventricles and to protect the ventricles from abnormal atrial rhythm. Purkinje cells are specialized for Disadvantages Of The Musculoskeletal System conduction. Their diameter is large, they express many gap junctions, and the rate of depolarization is rapid. The significance of this fast conduction is to allow contraction of both ventricles at the same time. Cardiac excitability Cardiac excitability is the ability of the cardiac muscle to respond to the adequate stimulus by contraction. All or none rule Because of the syncytial nature of cardiac musclestimulation of go here single atrial muscle fiber causes the action potential to travel over the entire atrial mass; similarly, stimulation of any single ventricular fiber induces excitation of the ventricular muscle mass.
Like other musclesthe cardiac muscle is excited by adequate stimuli and responds by generating an action potential followed by contraction. The general features of the excitability of the heart are like those described for nerve and voluntary muscle, but there are certain differences, Disadvantages Of The Musculoskeletal System are of fundamental significance in relation to the function of the heart.
Absolute refractory period ARP During the fast action potentialthe time corresponds to the depolarization, early repolarization, the plateau, and part of repolarization of cardiac action potential; the heart is in its absolute refractory period ARP and does not respond to excitation inactive. This mechanism prevents sustained, tetanic contraction of cardiac muscleIndeed, it gives time for myocardial relaxation, sufficient to permit the cardiac ventricles to fill with venous blood, this is as essential to the normal pumping action of the heart as is a strong cardiac contraction.
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Relative refractory period RRP During this period, the heart cell begins to Disadvantages Of The Musculoskeletal System again to excitation. However, the stimulus must be higher than normal. Application of a supra-threshold stimulus to a region of normal myocardium during late phase 3 evokes an action potential. Throughout the remainder of phase 3 and 4, the cardiac cell completes its recovery from inactivation to start responding to a normal stimulus that originates from the SAN.
Cardiac contractility It is the ability of the cardiac muscle to convert chemical energy into a mechanical form of energy. The contraction of the cardiac chamber is called systole and its relaxation is called diastole. There are two types of contraction: Isometric contraction where the fibers contract without shortening. The tension developed in them rises very much and most of the energy is liberated as heat. No work is done. The pressure inside the heart raises to a high level, which is essential to open the aortic and pulmonary valves.
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The volume of the heart remains constant. Isotonic contraction where the cardiac fibers shorten but the tension developed in them does not increase i. The pressure inside the heart raises only slightly, the volume of the heart diminished and the heart pumps its blood into the lungs or the body by decreasing its size. In resting muscle, attachment of the actin and myosin heads to produce contraction is inhibited by troponin and tropomysin a relaxing protein complex.
Expert Answer
Increased intracellular calcium level interacts with troponin http://pinsoftek.com/wp-content/custom/sociological-imagination-essay/garbage-truck-essays.php to remove the inhibition of the actin site on the thin filaments.
This intrinsic ability of the heart to adapt itself to changing blood volume returned to the heart is Disadvqntages basis of autoregulation of cardiac pumping. Contractility Inotropic State The acceptable definition of contractility would be a change in performance at a given preload and afterload, Thus, contractility is the change in the force of contraction at any given sarcomere length.
Acute changes in contractility are due to the changes in the intracellular dynamics of calcium. More calcium increases the availability of cross-link sites on the actin, increasing cross-linking and the force of the contraction during systole.]
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