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Descartes on Innate Knowledge The Importance Of Innate Knowledge

Virus—host interactions Key Points Dendritic cells DCs are a specialized family of antigen-presenting cells APCs that effectively link innate recognition of invading pathogens to the generation of the appropriate type of adaptive immune response.

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Not only do they establish asymptomatic, persistent infections with potential oncogenic sequelae, but they are also important causes of morbidity and mortality. Ideally positioned throughout the body's ports of entry in the skin, at the mucosal surface and The Importance Of Innate Knowledge the bloodDCs click among the primary interaction partners and form a first line of defence against these viruses.

In addition, these viruses seem to force DCs to produce immunoregulatory enzymes that can actively suppress Importanxe cell activation. The tolerogenic environment and the unique composition of APCs in the liver prevent the induction of efficient virus-specific T cell priming.

The Importance Of Innate Knowledge

This situation might be exploited by these viruses to evade immunity and facilitate persistent infection. As DCs are uniquely positioned for early viral encounters, they can be exploited in prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine approaches. Identification of the intracellular compartments in which these persistent viruses are processed for antigen presentation is an unexplored facet that may be exploited pharmaceutically to stimulate strong and Knowledhe cellular responses that can finally control viral replication.

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Abstract Persistent infections with HIV, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As sentinels of the immune system, dendritic cells DCs are crucial for the generation of protective antiviral immunity.

The Importance Of Innate Knowledge

Recent advances in our understanding of the role of DCs during infection with these viruses provide insights into the mechanisms used by these viruses to exploit The Importance Of Innate Knowledge function and evade innate and adaptive immunity. In this Review we highlight the current knowledge about the interaction between DCs and these viruses and the underlying mechanisms that might influence the outcome of viral infections.

Download PDF Main The immune response to viral infection is a complex interplay between the virus and the innate and adaptive immune responses and is aimed at eradicating the pathogen with minimal Immportance to the host.

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Dendritic cells DCs are a specialized family of antigen-presenting cells APCs that effectively link the innate recognition of viruses to the generation of the appropriate type of adaptive immune response 1. DCs are continuously produced from haematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow and are positioned at the different portals of the human body, such as the skin, mucosal surfaces and the blood, so that they encounter invading pathogens early in the course of an infection 2.

The Importance Of Innate Knowledge

DCs are a heterogeneous family. This heterogeneity arises at several levels, including phenotype, function and anatomical location 2 Table 1.]

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