Sorry, that: Fukugawa Edo Museum Essay
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Index About the authors John T. Tags John T. Ainsworth, Maryan W. Bayer, Peter J. Boehm, Andrew Bolton, Sheila R. Fukugawa Edo Museum EssayFukugawa Edo Museum Essay Video
Edo museum 4
During the Tokugawa period, the social order, Fukuugawa on inherited position rather than personal merits, was rigid and highly formalized. Below the peasants were the craftsmen, and even below them, on the fourth level, were the merchants. Edo society had an elaborate social structure, in which every family knew its place and level of prestige.
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The upper strata was much given to elaborate and expensive rituals, including elegant architecture, landscaped gardens, Noh drama, patronage of the arts, and the tea ceremony. A few upper samurai were eligible for high Fukugawa Edo Museum Essay most were foot soldiers. Since there was very little fighting, they became civil servants paid by the daimyo, with minor duties. The samurai were affiliated with senior lords in a well-established chain of command. The shogun had 17, samurai retainers; the daimyo each had hundreds. Most lived in modest homes near their lord's headquarters, and lived off of hereditary rights and stipends.
After a long period of inner conflict, the first goal of the newly established Tokugawa government was to pacify the country. It created a balance of power that remained fairly stable for the next years, influenced by Confucian principles of social order. The samurai had a choice: give up their sword and become peasants, or move to the city of their feudal lord and become a paid retainer. They were illiterate and lived in villages controlled by appointed officials who kept the peace Fukugawa Edo Museum Essay collected taxes. The family was the smallest legal entity, and the maintenance of family status and privileges was of great importance at all levels of society.
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The individual had no separate legal rights. Eta were butchers, tanners and undertakers. Hinin served as town guards, street cleaners, and executioners. Other outsiders included the beggars, entertainers, and prostitutes.
Modern Reproduction of: Hachiman Shrine in the Fukagawa District of Edo City
The word eta literally translates to "filthy" and hinin to "non-humans", a thorough reflection of the attitude held by other classes that the eta and hinin were not even people. Other persecution of the hinin included disallowing them from wearing robes longer than knee-length and the wearing of hats. A sub-class of hinin who were born into their social class had no option of mobility Essa a different social class whereas the other class of hinin who had lost their previous class Fukugawa Edo Museum Essay could be reinstated in Japanese society.
Photochrom print. Five albumen prints joined to form a panorama.
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Photographer: Felice Beato. Economic development[ edit ] Scaled pocket plan of Edo The Edo period bequeathed a vital commercial sector to be in burgeoning urban centers, a relatively well-educated elite, a sophisticated government bureaucracy, productive agriculture, a closely unified nation with highly developed financial and marketing systems, and a national infrastructure of roads. Economic development during the Tokugawa period included urbanizationincreased shipping of commodities, a significant expansion of domestic and, initially, foreign commerce, and a diffusion of trade and handicraft industries. The construction trades flourished, along with banking facilities and merchant associations. Increasingly, han authorities oversaw the rising agricultural production and the spread of rural handicrafts.
By the midth Fukugawa Edo Museum Essay, Edo had a population of more than one million, likely the biggest city in the world at the time.]
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