Cognitive Psychology: The Stage Theory Model Of Memory - can not
Hire Writer In , Mischel distinguished five variables that influence the response to a stimulus. These variables are competencies, encodings, expectancies, values and plans. Together, they influence the attribution process and so affect behaviour. Unlike behaviourists, cognitive psychologists include the internal cognitive processes between stimulus and response and so when compared to the behaviourist approach, cognitive psychologists argue that humans make sense of the stimulus before responding, rather than simply responding in an unthinking way to a stimulus. However, the cognitive approach is often criticised for being too mechanistic and reductionist. This is because it reduces complex human processes and behaviour to those of a computer and ignores the fact that humans are biological organisms and are not machines. One topic that the cognitive approach applies to is anxiety disorders, and more specifically, phobias. Cognitive psychologists believe that fearful emotional responses in the form of phobias are the result of maladaptive thought processes and that individuals have distorted interpretations of events such as automatic negative thoughts and over-generalisation. Cognitive therapy is based upon the cognitive explanation of phobias and has proved to be highly effective in the treatment of phobias as shown by Grazio and Nooney. This shows that faulty internal cognitions in individuals must play a role in causing and maintaining phobias because the treatment developed from the ideas of the cognitive approach has been shown to be very effective. Cognitive Psychology: The Stage Theory Model Of MemoryCognitive Psychology: The Stage Theory Model Of Memory Video
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