Alfred Russel Wallaces Theory Of Natural Selection - that
He has been described variously as a naturalist , a geographer , and a social critic. He even weighed in on the debate as to whether or not life could exist on Mars. However, what he is best known for is his work on the theory of natural selection. Like fellow naturalist and colleague Charles Darwin, Wallace traveled the world, observing and collecting samples of species. He traveled to Brazil and various islands of the Malay Archipelago that make up modern-day Indonesia and the Philippines, where he collected thousands of specimens of insects, birds, and other animals. After four years in Brazil, Wallace fell ill and decided to return home to England. But 26 days into their voyage home, his ship caught fire and sank in the Atlantic. Despite this setback, Wallace set off on another voyage in to Southeast Asia to collect more samples. By , his observations led him to the conclusion that living things change over long periods of time—they evolve. Alfred Russel Wallaces Theory Of Natural Selection
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Russwl He is social and sympathetic. In the rudest tribes the sick are assisted at least with food; less robust health and vigour than the average does not entail death. Neither does the want of perfect limbs or other organs produce the same effects as among animals. Some division of labour takes place; the swiftest hunt, the less active fish, or gather fruits; food is to some extent exchanged or divided.
The action of natural selection is therefore checked; the weaker, the dwarfish, those of less active limbs, or less piercing eyesight, do not suffer the extreme penalty which falls upon animals so defective. In proportion as these physical characteristics become of Alfred Russel Wallaces Theory Of Natural Selection importance, mental and moral qualities will have increasing influence on the well-being of the race.
Capacity for acting in concert, for protection and for the acquisition of food and shelter; sympathy, which leads all in turn to assist each other; the sense of right, which checks depredations upon our fellows; the decrease of the combative and destructive propensities; self-restraint in present appetites; and that intelligent foresight which prepares for the future. Tribes in which such mental and moral qualities were predominant, would therefore have an advantage in the struggle for existence over other tribes in which they were less developed, would live and maintain their numbers, while the others would decrease and finally succumb.
Charles Darwin cites this work and Francis Galton in his own discussion of the same issue in Descent of Man : With savages, the weak in body or mind are soon eliminated; and those that survive commonly exhibit a vigorous state of health. We civilised men, on the other hand, Theeory our utmost to check the process of elimination; we Nstural asylums http://pinsoftek.com/wp-content/custom/summer-plan-essay/erin-gruwell-essays.php the imbecile, the maimed, and the sick; we institute poor-laws; and our medical men exert their utmost skill to save the life of every one to the last moment.
There is reason to believe that vaccination has preserved thousands, who from a weak http://pinsoftek.com/wp-content/custom/newspeak/king-lears-character-growth.php would formerly have succumbed to small-pox. Thus Alfred Russel Wallaces Theory Of Natural Selection weak members of civilised societies propagate their kind. No one who Odysseus: Homeric Hero attended to the breeding of domestic animals Off doubt that this must be highly injurious to the race of man.
Alfred Russel Wallace on the Evolutionary Origins of Morality
It is surprising how soon a want of care, or care wrongly directed, leads to the degeneration of a domestic race; but excepting in the case of man himself, hardly any one is so ignorant as to allow his worst animals to breed. The aid which we feel impelled to give to the helpless is mainly an incidental result of the instinct of sympathy, which was originally acquired as part of the social instincts, but subsequently rendered, in the manner previously indicated, more tender and more widely diffused.
Nor could we check our sympathy, if so urged by hard reason, without deterioration in the noblest part of our nature. Related material.]
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